000			02818nab a2200397Ia 4500
001			Art-401
008			170220s2013 CNT 000 0 und d
020			_a0039-3630
099			_aR: 3023
245	1	0	_aThe application of subcritical fluids for the stabilization of marine archaeological iron
300			_a12 p.
310	1	0	_aTrimestral
520	3		_aThe long-term stabilization of marine archaeological iron, whether cast or wrought, continues to challenge conservators responsible for treatment of this material. Results and observations obtained from past treatments highlight the daunting, prolonged, and laborious efforts required to desalinate large and complex ferrous artifacts recovered from the ocean. In general, the higher an artifact's chloride level, the less stable it is. Consequently, any stabilization treatment must involve the removal of as much Cl−1 as possible without affecting the integrity of the corroded artifact. This problem is particularly acute with corroding cast iron objects that have formed thick, fragile, and highly unstable corrosion layers. Over the course of the twentieth century, conservators have used a variety of techniques in an attempt to mitigate the negative effects of chloride ions on iron artifacts and prevent disintegration. In spite of early promise, each of these stabilization techniques has significant disadvantages, particularly with regard to treatment efficiency, duration of treatment, and/or unacceptable risks to the artifact during treatment. For these reasons, conservators and conservation scientists at the Warren Lasch Conservation Center in Charleston, South Carolina, decided to look at the possibility of using subcritical fluids to stabilize archaeological iron. This paper compares the efficiency and effectiveness of traditional stabilization techniques (i.e. alkaline soaking and cathodic polarization) to subcritical fluids on wrought iron rivets and metal shavings from the H.L. Hunley submarine as well as Civil War era cast iron artillery shells recovered from a marine environment.
650			_aChloride
650			_aClorur
650			_aCloruro
650			_aConservació de Metalls
650			_aConservación de Metales
650			_aCorrosió del ferro
650			_aCorrosión de hierro
650			_aDesalination
650			_aDesalinización
650			_aDessalinització
650			_aEstabilització de Ferro
650			_aEstabilización de Hierro
650			_aIron corrosion
650			_aIron stabilization
650			_aMetals conservation
650			_aParticular
650			_aSubcritical
700	1		_aDE VIVÉS, P.
700	1		_aDREWS, M.J.
700	1		_aGONZÁLES-PEREYRA, N.G.
700	1		_aMARDIKIAN, P.
773			_tStudies in conservation 3 _x0039-3630 _g58 4, 314-325
999			_c8092 _d8092